Coastal water management related to submarine groundwater discharge: a study case in Indonesia
2019
Adyasari, Dini | Moosdorf, Nils | Leibniz Center For Tropical Marine Research | Centre For Marine And Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Fresh submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is described as fresh groundwater flux from land to ocean through submarine ocean boundaries. It has been reported to bring land-based nutrients, heavy metals, or potentially harmfulbacteria to the coastal area. Solutes delivered by SGD have been reported to cause eutrophication, change in coastal bacterial, benthic, and fish communities, as well as the deterioration of coastal ecosystems such as coral reef and mangroves. SGD rates tend to vary and fluctuate due to tidal cycle, hydraulic head, and seasonal variability, particularly in regions with high precipitation and groundwater recharge. Tropical regions, such as Southeast Asia, have been underrepresented in SGD studies. These regions are generally characterized by high aquifer permeability, fast weathering, nutrient-rich rocks, and active natural ecosystems. Thus, active SGD is expected here. Southeast Asia also has one of the mostaltered coastal land use worldwide, which subsequently makes SGD potentially act as an essential land-ocean delivery pathway of contaminant derived from human activities. Indonesia was chosen as a study site due to its long coastline and favorable hydrogeological conditions for SGD as mentioned above.
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