Determination of emissions caused by turkish domestic flights

The use and importance of all types of transportation namely airway, railway, sea way and road transport has been increasing day by day. Increase in the number of vehicles causes rise in the amount of local air pollutants and the release of greenhouse gases. Especially, just one aircraft affects the environment of troposphere and lower stratosphere. Therefore, up-to-date and accurate emission inventory should be prepared to understand the effects of aircraft based emissions to the environment of airport and air quality on air route. In this study, emission inventory of pollutants caused by nonstop domestic flights in Turkey was calculated using the guideline preparing emission inventory published by IPCC. Emissions were calculated on the basis of the emissions (CO2, CO, NOx, PM2.5, HC and H2O) caused by LTO activities and the emissions (CO2, CO, NOx, PM2.5, N2O, SO2 and NMVOC) caused by cruise activities. Mutual pollutants from these two aircraft activities were determined. CO2, CO, NOx, PM2.5 are the mutual pollutants and pollutant distribution maps were generated for these pollutants.Air route of an aircraft was divided into parts on the basis of the cities, which the aircraft fly over, using ARCGIS software. Therefore the flight distance over all cities were digitized. Cruise emissions were distributed for all routes using a GIS software MapInfo. The distribution maps caused by the pollutants (CO2, CO, NOx, PM2.5) for the non-stop domestic flights were obtained by adding LTO emissions for the cities that have airport. As a result, it is observed that the emission of CO pollutant is mostly caused by LTO activities, whereas the emission of PM2.5 pollutant is mostly caused by cruise activities, and the emission of CO2 and NOx pollutants is mostly caused by LTO and cruise activities together. The obtained results show that Ankara and Istanbul are exposed to pollutant emission much more than the other cities. Although Sakarya, Kocaeli, Bolu, Kırıkkale and Eskişehir does not have airport, it was observed that they are being affected by the pollutants prominently.