Determination of certain green microalgae carotenoids profiles

Microalgae have widespread of usage area. These microorganisms are often used for different commercial products such as animal feed, fertilizer, biodiesel, food dyes as well as cosmetics and medicine industry because of their high pharmaceutical potential. The first phase of leveling problem is the determination of optimum cut and fill volumes. In the second phase, the distribution of earth, the amount and the appropriate construction equipment is determined. The reason of using microalgae is produced a large variety of metabolites and contained great concentration of carotenoids. Obtaining from local sources of carotenoids, which have a relatively high selling price and a large market size and their beneficial effects on human health were proved in many studies, is quite important due to productive using of resources and sustainability.In this study three different stress parameters (mixing speed, light intensity and nitrogen limitation) were applied on the microalgae and these parameters were optimized to get maximum total carotenoid amount. Optimum stress parameters for four microalgae species were determined by the statistical analysis method. The regression coefficient (R2> 0.90) is within acceptable limits for all optimization models. Total carotenoid amounts of species produced in optimum conditions; Chlorella vulgaris 23,78 mg/g biomass, Ankistrodesmus convolutus 24,13 mg/g biomass, Tetraselmis striata 8,59 mg/g biomass ve Dunaliella salina 5,51 mg/g biomass. Since the highest total carotenoid amount was found for A. convolutus, this microalga was produced in a panel photobioreactor under optimum conditions. At the end of the production 4.55 g dry biomass was obtained. It was calculated that 20,86 mg/g biomass chlorophyll a, 54,86 mg/g biomass chlorophyll b and 35,72 mg/g biomass total carotenoid were produced in the biomass. The most efficient cell disruption technique made are steel beads to facilitate the extraction of dry biomass harvested from the reactor. Ultrasonic extraction and microwave extraction were performed after the most efficient cell disruption technique was selected. Extracts were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. The total amount of carotenoid in the sample obtained by ultrasonic extraction was 0.98 mg/g biomass.With this thesis, the conditions of carotenoid production of green microalgae isolated from our country biodiversity have been determined and profiled. In addition, the study has been prepared with the content and authenticity that could lead to further academic work.