Influence of type and rate of biochar on productivity of winter wheat
2019
Wyzinska, M., Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Inst., Pulawy (Poland) | Smreczak, B., Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Inst., Pulawy (Poland)
In recent years, one of the leading research areas in Europe is biochar and its production. Biochar is primarily used for purposes other than energy (in environmental protection and agriculture). It is a solid renewable fuel obtained from various types of biomass in the process of pyrolysis. The feedstock, from which biochar is produced, is highly diversified (energy crops, forest waste, and biomass of rapeseed, sunflower or corn cob, also sewage sludge, organic waste or chicken manure). It can be used as a natural fertiliser with the addition of liquid manure or as a component to composts. There are number of studies demonstrating the beneficial effects of biochars on growth and development of plants. A one-year pot experiment was carried out in the growing season 2017/2018 at the Vegetation Experiment Greenhouse belonging to the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute in Puławy, Poland. The experimental plant was a winter wheat cultivar “Hondia”. The first-order factor was the type of biochar: 1) control treatment (without biochar), 2) wheat husk biochar (WHB), 3) medical plant biomass after extraction biochar (MPB), 4) wood chip biochar from the Polish company “Fluid” (WCB), 5) sawdust biochar (SB), 6) rye straw biochar (RSB), 7) meat and bone meal biochar (MBMB). The second-order factor was the biochar dose: 1) 1 t•haE−1, 2) 3 t•ha E−1. The study showed a statistically significant effect of the biochar type on the yielding of winter wheat. The highest grain yields of spring wheat were found where biochar from wood chips and sawdust biochar were used. There was no significant effect of the biochar type on the ear number per pot, the productive tillering and 1000 grain weight. The biochar rate did not have a significant effect on the values of the yield and the studied yield components of winter wheat.
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