Challenges, achievements and further prospects of long-term experiment: a case study of RSF “Pēterlauki” | Ilggadīga izmēģinājuma sniegtās iespējas, sasniegumi un nākotnes perspektīva: LLU MPS “Pēterlauki” izmēģinājums
2020
Bankina, B., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Ruza, A., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture | Gaile, Z., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture
The aim of this paper is to describe a large field experiment, which was established at the Research and Study farm of the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies in 2008. The soil type at the site is Cambic Calcisol. Field trials were designed as a two-factorial experiment: A – soil tillage system (A1 – traditional soil tillage with ploughing at a depth of 22–24 cm; A2 – reduced soil tillage with disc harrowing at a depth to 10 cm) and B – crop rotation. The schemes of crop rotation were changed over years, but currently three variants have become stable: B1– continuous wheat; B2 – wheat–wheat– oilseed rape; B3 – oilseed rape–barley–faba bean–wheat. The aim of this experiment is to study the influence of soil tillage and crop rotation on soil sustainability and biological diversity. The main objectives of the study: formation of yield and yield components; changes of weediness; incidence and causal agents of wheat diseases; changes of activity in soil microbiological processes; species assemblages and biodiversity of epigeic insects; emission of nitrogen and phosphorus and accumulation of carbon. The existing trial allows to open new research directions: studies on greenhouse gas emissions; total amount of energy value (MJ kgE−1) produced by crop rotation etc. Dozens of Bachelor theses, four Master Theses and one Doctoral Thesis have been defended based on the data obtained in this experiment up to now. It is important to maintain these trials to study previously set questions in long-term, as well as for new research directions.
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