Improvement of operability of double-disc coulters of grain seeders with UHMWPE coating on soils of various moisture
2020
Iskenderov, R., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Lebedev, A., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Lebedev, P., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Zaharin, A., Stavropol State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation)
Sowing is carried out in certain agronomic terms, and up to 80 % of grain seeders produced at present are equipped with double-disc coulters. Excessive stickiness of the soil causes sticking on the tools, and dried soil leads to disruption of the formation of the grooves, and increased wear of the tools. Each of these factors leads to disruption of the normal functioning of double-disc coulters of grain seeders and increases the traction resistance of the machine-tractor unit. To combat high adhesion of the soil to the metal, various coatings are used. The most widely used are polymeric materials, such as fluoroplastic and polyethylene. There is a good practice, both in the processing of working bodies of tillage equipment with liquid polymer compositions, and in the manufacture of individual or whole parts from plastic. Our analysis showed that most of the studies that develop soil-cultivating equipment with polymer coatings are devoted to sticking to the working organs of the soil, and little attention has been paid to the wear resistance of such equipment. Nevertheless, this problem exists, because with soil moisture up to 15 %, polymer work surfaces begin to wear out more intensively on small abrasive particles of the soil. Up to 50 % of the energy of machine-tractor units is spent on friction on the soil of their working bodies. The use of coatings of ultra-high molecular weight (UHMWPE), which at low adhesion have high wear resistance, is preferable for the work of double-disc coulters on soils of different moisture. The experiments showed that UHMWPE has a higher relative wear resistance and a reduced coefficient of friction than fluoroplastic and, in some conditions, metal. The use of UHMWPE coating allows to increase the working time of double-disc coulters due to the possibility of sowing at an arlier time, when the soil moisture is in the range of 24−30 %, and to reduce the working time with increased abrasive wear when sowing in dry soil with a moisture content of less than 13−15 %.
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