Effects of essential oils on Macrophomina phaseolina and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro
2018
Loc, Marta | Ristić, Dejana | Grahovac, Mila | Bagi, Ferenc (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-1072) | Stojšin, Vera | Dudaš, Tatjana (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9210-9350) | Budakov, Dragana
Both Macrophomina phaseolina, a causing agent of charcoal root, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, causer of white mold, are highly polyphagous, cosmopolitan soilborne pathogens. Since control of these pathogens is a challenge in plant protection, and alternative methods to fungicide applications are being frequently tested and introduced, the aim of this work was to test effects of volatile compounds of black cumin and wild oregano essential oils in different concentrations to mycelial growth of M. phaseolina and S. sclerotiorum in vitro. Essential oils were applied in concentration of 0.02; 0.04; 0.08 and 0.16 μl/cm3 of air in Petri dish. Fragments of mycelia were placed on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar), after which Petri dishes were turned upside down and an adequate amount of essential oil for achieving required concentration per volume of air in Petri dish was placed in the middle of the lid. Results showed significant differences between applied concentrations of both black cumin and wild oregano essential oils. Complete inhibition of mycelial growth of both fungi was achieved using the highest concentration of 0.16 μl/cm3 of air. In average, wild oregano essential oil was more effective against both tested fungi. Results of this research showed that essential oils, especially wild oregano, have good potential in control of M. phaseolina and S. sclerotiorum. Since these are only results of in vitro trials, these investigations should be continued in in vivo conditions as well, in order to get more data on prospects of use of essential oils in plant protection with the aim of keeping environment and consumer's health safe.
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