Exploring the sugar profile of unifloral bee pollen using high performance liquid chromatography
2018
Liolios, Vasilios | Tananaki, Chrysoula | Dimou, Maria | Kanelis, Dimitrios | Rodopoulou, Maria-Anna | Thrasyvoulou, Andreas
Sugars constitute the main component of bee pollen, a product that nowadays presents a growing interest as food sup? plement. The present work describes a simple, rapid and reliable high performance liquid chromatographic method to determine the composition of sugars in bee pollen. Moreover, the effect of bee pollen’s botanical origin on the sugars profile along with the significance of the nectar that bees add during bee pollen pellet’s formation were investigated. The analysis of 117 samples showed that bee pollen was characterized by a high content of glucose and fructose, con? stituting almost 90 % of total sugars, which in turn depends on the botanical origin of bee pollen. Fructose and glucose average contents ranged from 155.3 g·kg?1 to 334.8 g·kg?1 and from 135.9 g·kg?1 to 276.9 g·kg?1, respectively. The highest average content of total sugars was found in kiwi bee pollen (635.3 g·kg?1) and the lowest in ivy bee pollen (347.1 g·kg?1). Furthermore, comparative sugars content analysis of Sisimbrium irio unifloral bee pollen, collected in different seasons, showed that the added nectar during bee pollen packaging influenced considerably the sugars content. Results of this study may help to consider sugars as an additional parameter in an effort to establish quality standards for bee pollen.
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