Thermo-Ultrasound-Based Sterilization Approach for the Quality Improvement of Wheat Plantlets Juice
Zahoor Ahmed | Muhammad Faisal Manzoor | Nabila Begum | Abbas Khan | Imranullah Shah | Umar Farooq | Rabia Siddique | Xin-An Zeng | Abdul Rahaman | Azhari Siddeeg
The impact of thermo&ndash:ultrasound (TU) on the quality of fresh wheat plantlets juice is described in this study. Fresh wheat plantlets juice was treated with TU using ultrasound (US) bath cleaner with different treatment variables, including power (70%, 420 W), frequency (40 kHz), processing time (20 and 40 min) and temperature (30, 45 and 60 °:C) for the determination of free amino acids, minerals, microbial loads and bioactive compounds. The treatments have non-significant effects in º:Brix, pH, and titratable acidity while a significant increase in non-enzymatic browning, viscosity, and cloud value. The TU treatment at 30 °:C for 20 and 40 min has achieved the highest value of total phenolics, flavonoids, total antioxidant capacity, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), carotenoids, anthocyanin contents, chlorophyll (a + b), minerals and free amino acids than other treatments as well as untreated sample. A lightly visible variation in the color was observed among all treatments. TU treatments also showed a significant impact on the reduction of microbial loads at 60 °:C for 40 min. The verdicts revealed that TU at low temperature a viable option to improve the quality of wheat plantlets juice at an industrial scale as compared to alone.
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