Study of seed corn threshing process
2020
Bakharev, D., Belgorod State Agricultural Univ. named after V. Gorin (Russian Federation) | Pastukhov, A., Belgorod State Agricultural Univ. named after V. Gorin (Russian Federation) | Volvak, S., Belgorod State Agricultural Univ. named after V. Gorin (Russian Federation) | Kovalev, S., Belgorod State Agricultural Univ. named after V. Gorin (Russian Federation)
A high yield of grain and green mass of corn can be obtained only when using the seeds of the first generation of zoned hybrids, which are threshed in the conditions of processing enterprises after pre-drying the cobs to a humidity of 12…18 %. At this humidity, the strength of the shell of corn grains is maximal and the connection of the grain with the rod is weakened, which allows for threshing with minimal damage to the grain. An experimental design of an axial-rotary threshing device, which rotor is equipped with multi-helical spiral winding of variable height, is developed. The winding height decreases from the entrance to the threshing chamber to the exit from it. Rotor fully covered pneumatic-adaptive studded deck is installed so that the gap between the rotor shaft and the independent movable pins decreases from the input to the output. All pins are pressed against the deck by means of rubber pneumatic bags with an internal overpressure. In addition, the threshing chamber has the ability to change its spatial position relative to the horizon. These dimensional characteristics are justified foe a stationary axial-rotary threshing device with a productivity of up to 4.5 t•hE−1. As the result of experimental studies, the following rational intervals of values of the modes of operation of the threshing device were established: the rotor speed 150…170 minE−1, the angle of inclination of the threshing chamber 10…14º, the force of pressing the movable pins to the cobs 35…55 N, feed 0.8…1.1 kg•sE−1. As a result, the productivity of the axial-rotary threshing device is in the range 2.88…3.96 t•hE−1 and the energy intensity of the threshing process is 0.5…0.7 kWh•tE−1, grain on the cob after threshing is less than 1.5 %, free grain in threshed corn cobs 1.16 %.
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