Justification of possibility of cultivating in Moscow Region two-crop culture of early potatoes
2020
Ivashova, O., Russian State Agrarian Univ. − Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Russian Federation) | Gasparyan, I., Russian State Agrarian Univ. − Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Russian Federation) | Levshin, A., Russian State Agrarian Univ. − Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Russian Federation) | Dyikanova, M., Russian State Agrarian Univ. − Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy (Russian Federation)
Climate change is one of the world’s modern challenges. Climate warming for Russia carries certain risks, but also gives some advantages - the ability to cultivate early potatoes in a two-crop culture in the third light zone, i.e. cultivation of two crops in one growing season. This is confirmed by agroclimatic data presented by the V.A. Meteorological Observatory V.A. Michelson. An increase in the sum of active temperatures above 10 º C over the past 30 years, an increase in the duration of the growing season due to an earlier start of the growing season and its later end, were noted. Moisture resources are in sufficient quantity. The studies were conducted on the site of the department “Olericulture “, Timiryazev Academy in 2018 ... 19. The first planting was carried out in early May, the harvesting took place on July 15, and on the same day the second planting of last year’s tubers, which were harvested on September 20, was carried out. The early varieties were used: Luck, Meteor, Zhukovsky early, Bullfinch, Red Scarlet. As a result of the research, two harvests of ecologically clean standard products of early ripening varieties with good taste and nutritional qualities were obtained. The minimum average weight from 1 bush was obtained from the Bullfinch variety − 388 g, the maximum from the Zhukovsky early variety with germination. Light germination for the first crop allows to accelerate the passage of development phases and subsequently affects the yield (an increase of 1.3−2.0 times). The minimum average weight from 1 bush in the second crop was obtained in the control variant, with the addition of natural concentrate of glauconite sands and watering, the yield increased by 1.4 times. Thus, in changing climatic conditions in the third light zone, two crops can be obtained and this will increase the efficiency of potato production.
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