Composition, microstructure, and physicochemical properties of starches from Indonesian cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties
2016
Ratnaningsih, N. | Suparmo | Harmayani, E. | Marsono, Y.
Starch is the most abundant carbohydrate in the pulse seeds. Pulse starches are increasingly concerned in the potential to incorporate into food products due to high amylose and resistantstarch content. In this research, starches from five varieties of Indonesian cowpea (Vignaunguiculata) were evaluated for their composition, microstructure, and physicochemical properties. The yield of starch (on the whole seed basis) ranged between 17.78% (KT4) and 22.93% (KT8), and amylose content (on dry basis) ranged between 39.09% (KT4) and 42.78% (KT7). Granules of cowpea starch were oval to spherical shape with a smooth surface and themean granule diameter (Z average) ranged between 7.91 µm (KT5) and 15.51 µm (KT4). TheX-ray diffraction patterns of cowpea starches were CA-type crystallinities as showed strong peaks at 15º, 17º, and 23º (2θ), and an extra peak at 18º (2θ). Thermal properties, pastingproperties, Water and Oil Holding Capacity (WHC and OHC) of cowpea starches differed significantly, whereas, FT-IR spectra showed a similarity of characteristic bands.
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