Callus induction and plant regeneration in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as affected by genotype, explant, and plant growth regulators
2019
Maravilla, A.M.B. | Valle-Descalsota, M.L.S. | Damasco, D.P. | Laurena, A.C.
In plant transformation, the success is dependent on tissue culture and regeneration-from producing good, embryogenic, and friable calli to regenerating whole and healthy plants. In this study, it is of interest to find the best explants and the optimum concentration of plant growth regulators suitable for the production of desired callus and plant regeneration. Fourteen (14) tomato genotypes were tested across 12 callus induction treatments with varying concentrations of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 0 ppm, 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, and 2 ppm) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0 ppm, 1 ppm, and 2 ppm) using two types of explants (cotyledon and hypocotyl). Cultures were observed for percent callus formation, type of callus formed, callus size, color, and texture. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in percent callus formation and callus size across the treatments tested. The most number of calli formed was observed in the medium containing 0.5 ppm NAA and 1 ppm BAP with percent callus formation of 86.57% while the largest calli were observed in cultures with 1 ppm BAP. Plant regeneration was also observed in some cultures with 2 ppm BAP. Genotypes and type of explants have no significant effect on percent callus formation and callus size. Results showed that the concentration of plant growth regulators in the medium highly affects the ability of the plant to produce callus, regardless of tomato genotype to be cultured or type of explants used.
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