EVALUATION OF PEA VARIETIES OF ECOLOGICAL VARIETY TESTING FOR YIELD AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF SEEDS

The article presents results of ecological testing of 22 varieties of peas bred by various scientific institutions. The research was carried out in 2017-2019 on the basis of the experimental field of the Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture. The Ukaz pea variety was taken as a standard. The soil of the experimental site – leached Chernozem medium humus medium- loamy, humus horizon capacity of 0.79 m, humus content (according to Tyurin) of 5.2-5.4%, total nitrogen (according to Kjeldal) – 0.26%, mobile P2O5 and K2O (according to Chirikov) – 195-214 and 115-119 mg/kg of soil, respectively. The reaction of the aqueous extract of the upper horizon is 7.0 pH, down the profile is increased to 8.1 units. The weather and climatic conditions for the growing season of peas in the years of the study are described. Climate of the region is dry, temperate continental with warm summers and moderately cold winters. Under the conditions of moisture is characterized by an uneven distribution of precipitation both in the periods of the year and during the growing season. Evaluation of samples, accounting and observations were carried out according to the Methodology of the State Commission for variety testing of crops. The protein content was determined by Kjeldahl, the digestibility – by A.V. Sosnin. The computer program "AGROS" was used to process the results of the experiments. As a result of research, the highest yield was highlighted in varieties Talovets 70, Kulon and Fregat in 2017 year. In 2018: Aksaiskii usatyi 55, Kaban, Yubilyar and Kulon. On average, over 3 years of testing, varieties such as Aksaiskii usatyi 55, Fregat, Kulon showed yields at the level of a standard variety. The calculation of the protein harvest per hectare has been made. The main chemical trait that determines the quality of pea seeds is protein content. As a result of the study, varieties were identified that exceeded the standard in terms of the mass fraction of protein and the collection of protein per hectare. The weight of 1000 seeds was also determined; in the Venets variety, on average, it turned out to be the highest for three years. The best digestibility was shown by the Dudar pea variety.