Toksīnus veidojošo sēņu sastopamība un sugu identificēšana auzu dīgstos un skarās | Occurrence and identification of toxins producing fungi in oat seedlings and seed-heads
2021
Feodorova-Fedotova, L., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Research Inst. of Plant Protection “Agrihorts” | Jakobija, I., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Research Inst. of Plant Protection “Agrihorts” | Morocko-Bicevska, I., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Cerini, Krimuna Parish, Dobele Municipality (Latvia). Inst. of Horticulture
In Latvia, the sown areas of oats (Avena sativa) have significantly increased during the last decade. Favourable climate conditions, varieties with high yield potential and effective disease control are necessary for obtaining high yields. The information regarding oat diseases in Latvia is incomplete. The identification of oat pathogens was carried out in this study. The main focus was on mycotoxins producing fungi in seed heads. Twenty oat fields with integrated and organic farming systems and one field from State Stende Cereals Breeding Institute were surveyed. In order to identify fungal species and assess their prevalence during the vegetation season of 2020, 10 seedlings with disease symptoms from ten places in the field were collected at the beginning of vegetation; similarly, 10 panicles with disease symptoms were collected shortly before harvesting. Plant parts were surface sterilised, and fungi were isolated on potato dextrose agar. Pure cultures of fungal isolates were grouped and presumptively identified based on colony and spore morphology. The pure culture collection was established for further studies. ITS1/5.8S/ITS2 region was sequenced for 44 isolates that included typical representatives of dominating fungal groups. Alternaria, Pyrenophora and Fusarium species dominated among the isolated fungi. In oat grains, toxins producing species such as F. poae, F. sporotrichioides, F. graminearum, and F. avenaceum were identified. More detailed research and analysis of obtained data are in progress.
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