Botrytis spp. as pathogens of legumes in Latvia
2022
Bankina, Biruta | Brauna-MorzevskaBrauna-Morževska, Elīna, Elina | KanepsKaņeps, Jānis, Janis | Stoddards, Freds | BimsteineBimšteine, Gunita, Gunita | Petrova, Irina | Roga, Ance | FridmanisFridmanis, Dāvids, Davids
Fungi from the genus Botrytis are wide-spread and harmful pathogens of legumes. The aim of this study was to summarize the information about Botrytis spp. associated with legume diseases in Latvia. In the present research, the monographic method was used. B. fabae as a causal agent of the chocolate spot of faba beans was first described at the end of the 19th century; later – other species were identified on legumes. Chocolate spot of faba beans is a devastating disease in Latvia. Our research revealed that the disease severity is influenced by cultivars, meteorological conditions, and fungicide application. The diseases of other legumes, possibly caused by Botrytis spp., were observed as well. Molecular genetic methods showed that the diseases were caused by a species complex. Well known and new species of Botrytis (B. cinerea, B. fabae, B. fabiopsis, B. pseudocinerea, B. medusae) were isolated from faba beans and other legumes in Latvia. Also, for some Botrytis strains it could not be identified to which species they belonged. The identified Botrytis spp. was diverse, and their morphological characteristics differed both between and within the species; therefore, these traits cannot be used for accurate identification of Botrytis species. The test of pathogenicity for field beans (Vicia faba), peas (Pisum sativum), narrow-leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), and soya (Glycine max) showed that all the tested Botrytis species were pathogenic to all the tested plants, but virulence was dependent on hosts. Further research is required to describe new species, assess their prevalence in legume sowings, and understand the factors that influence the development of particular species of Botrytis.
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