Phenomenology of unsustainable sanitation in developing countries: grounded theory methods in coastal area of Indonesia
2019
Rifai, Ahmad | Pungut
Coastal areas in developing countries, including Indonesia, are still plagued by sanitation-related issues. Sedati’s coastal communities have a habit of defecating in the sea, ponds, and rivers. These habits are affected by the unavailability of clean water, the latrines conditions still dirty, damaged, and uncomfortable. This study aims to investigate empirically the defecation habits phenomenon, which causes sanitation services to be unsustainable. Qualitative and descriptive approaches based on the grounded theory were used in this study. The results showed that 6% of coastal communities still defecate in the rivers, 13% in the bushes, 17% in the fishponds or sea, 2% in the relative-owned latrines, 1% in the communal latrines, and 61% in their personal-owned latrines. The communal latrines that have been provided by the government based on this study showed it had not been utilized optimally by the communities. This study provides a policy strategies as solution to solve the sanitation problems, including the develop of the institutions to monitor the sanitation programs, build the sanitation facilities close to settlements, give them free of charge in latrines usage, provide the sufficient clean water, provide the information about environmental cleanliness and build a commitment between the government and the communities to improve the sanitation services.
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