Insect pest and natural enemies of processing tomato in Ilocos Norte and Sur [Philippines]
2019
Cayabyab, B.F. | Gonzales, P.G. | Padilla, J.DG. | Benigno, M.P. | Reyes, C.J.S. | Mendoza, N.D. | Dela Cruz, R.G.
Insect pests and natural enemies of processing tomato were characterized from 2018-2019 to develop insect pest management technologies from crop production in Ilocos Norte and Sur [Philippines]. Processing tomato in Ilocos Region is commonly cultivated after rice as added income source. Harvested tomatoes will then be processed at North Foods Corporation, Batac, Ilocos Norte, the only operational plant in the Philippines. Secondary data were used to identify municipalities, barangays [villages], and farmers producing tomatoes. Fields were randomly selected and surveyed. Sampling was done every two weeks from two weeks after transplanting until end of cropping season. In each site, five spots were randomly selected, and five random plants were observed in each spot. The pest and beneficial insects were visually counted and recorded. Comparing the data from the 2018 field survey, there was an increased incidence of major pests. Leafmer (Liriomyza sativae Blanchard) incidence increased in 3-13 barangays in all growth stages of tomato. Tomato fruitworm Helicoverpa amigera (Hubner) and whitefly Bermisia tobaci (Gennadius) incidence also increased in six barangays from fruiting to maturity. Common cutworm Spodoptera litura (Fabricius), on the other hand, had increased as early as vegetative stage in eight barangays. Other insect pests present were hoppers, black winged aphids, 28-spotted lady beetles Epilachna vigintiopunctuta philippinensis (Dieke), mealybugs, and dipterans were also observed. Meanwhiel, together with the predatory bugs (Cyrtopeltis tenuis Reuter), coccinellid beetles, parasitoids, and different species of spiders have been recorded.
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