Green synthesized copper nanoparticles using chili fruits (Capsicum annum L.) and neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) leaf extracts and their insecticidal effects against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) b biotype (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae)
2019
Labe, M.S. | Cucal, M. | Patricio, M.G. | Parragas, D.
Green extraction of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits and neem (Azadiractha indica A. Juss.) leaves was conducted using hot continuous reflux method with coconut water as solvent. The aim was to produce nano-formulated organic insecticide against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Such nano-technology prepared extracts (NPE) were successfully produced through spectrophotometer with absorption peaks at 1.786 at 400 nm for chili and 451 nm for neem. Furthermore, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy suggests that Cu nanoparticles were surrounded by different organic molecules like alcohols and phenols, ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acid. Hence, the use of organic solvents, such as coconut water was effective in extracting chemical groups that bear the active ingredients of neem (azadirachtin) through test for terpenoids and chili (capsaicinoids) through test for alkaloids for phytochemical analyses. Except for coconut water, the crude extracts and the NPEs demonstrated high comparable repellent effect with dimethoate against B. tabaci B Biotype adults. The NPEs, viz., Neem NPE and Chili NPE resulted to 100% mortality 24h after treatment application comparable to dimethoate. LD sub 50 of chili NPE and neem PE was at 2.73% and 4.30%, respectively, at 50% concentration (v:v, extract: water) observed 12h after treatment application.
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