NEW VARIETIES OF MILLET-LIKE CROPS
2021
Gurinovich, S.O. | Zotikov, V.I. | Sidorenko, V.S.
The cultivation history of millet-like crops (paiza, foxtail millet, African millet) is more than 5 thousand years old. The primary center of origin is Southeast Asia. These are polymorphic thermophilic species with a huge variety of morphobiotypes. The required sum of effective temperatures for the growing season – 2000-2500°С. Plants with short daylight hours. Cycle of photosynthesis – С4. For the first time, 3 new varieties of millet-like crops have been created: paiza (Echinochloa frumentacea Link. ssp. intermedia ), foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L) P.B. maxima Alef. ssp.subalefelda) and African millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br ssp. Conoidum), which are suitable for expanding the cultivation area for forage purposes. The Koroleva paiza variety is characterized by a high yield of green mass – more than 80 t/ha, increased sugar content in green mass - 8.5%, crude protein in absolutely dry matter – 12.8%, in grain - 14.6%. The yield of seeds of the variety of foxtail millet Grazia was 1.83 t/ha, the content of crude protein in absolutely dry matter was 12.0%, in grain – 14.4%, sugar in green mass – 7.7%. The early maturing variety of African millet Soyuz has a high leafiness – 61%, green mass yield 60.3 t/ha and grain 2.48 t/ha. The sugar content in the green mass is 10.7%, the crude protein content in absolutely dry matter is 15.1%, and in the grain is 16.9%.
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