Use of phosphate fertilizers in arable food crop production in Indonesia
1992
Sri Adiningsih, J. | Sri Rochayati (Centre for Soil and Agroclimate Research, Bogor (Indonesia))
The programmes of the Indonesian government to maintain self sufficiency in rice and to increase agricultural production consists of three main areas, i.e. improving intensification, expansion of agricultural land and agricultural production diversification. The consumption of fertilisers has been increasing continuously, thus requiring more fertiliser subsidy although the government's funds are limited. In view of this, research has been conducted to increase fertiliser efficiency on lowland and upland soils. Studies indicate that continuous application of TSP for more than 20 years has resulted in P build-ups in most lowland soils of Java. Thus P usage can be reduced which would result in a saving of 127000 tonnes of TSP with an estimated value of $25.3 million per season. There are about 27.8 million hectares of land suitable for food crop production. Most of these soils are acidic and have soil fertility constraints, especially P deficiency. Results indicate the optimum rate of P is about 40kg/ha. Organic matter application increased P efficiency signigicantly. A high rate of direct application of PR is equal or better and with higher P residual than TSP. Liming of soils high in Al can increase its effectiveness further. The effectiveness of PR varied, depending on its reactivity, fineness and soil properties. Considering the high cost of TSP and the impending energy crisis, PR can be used as a suitable substitute for TSP for upland soils
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