Embryo rescue in prunus breeding programs [Emilia-Romagna]
1994
Bassi, D. | Infante, R. (Bologna Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Colture Arboree)
Trials of early ripening sweet cherries, nectarines and peaches were conducted at the University of Bologna, to develop seedlings from immature embryos. Seed coat proved to be a major cause of contamination and poor plant development in cherry. The number of recovered seedlings was related to genotype, being higher in "Bigarrearu Burlat" than in "B. Moreau". Acclimation failure due to the development of the sole primary root was overcome via the formation of a capillary root system by primary root pruning in vitro. Vernalization at 5 deg C for at least 30 days proved very effective in increasing the number of seedlings in cherries and "Armking" and "Mayred" nectarines, while in "Springcrest" peach registered a negative result. The number raised seedlings was related to the fruit ripening date in nectarines. While the medium of Brooks and Hough (1958) was employed in these trials, several aspects remain to be investigated for better embryo rescue exploitation: growth regulators, nutrition and vernalization requirements of a given genotype; vessel air components (e.g. ethylen, CO2); season-related effects on embryo development before fruit harvest. A short review of the importance of embryo rescue techniques applied to fruit tree breeding is also reported
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