Physiological and morphological traits associated with spring wheat yield under hot, irrigated conditions. [Workshop paper]
1994
Reynolds, M.P. | Fischer, R.A. (CIMMYT, Lisboa (Mexico)) | Balota, M. (Cereale Si Plante Tehnice - ICCPT, Fundulea, (Romania). Inst. de Cercetari Pentru) | Delgado, M.I.B. (Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco (Mexico)) | Amani, I. (Sudan Agricultural Research Corp., Wad Medani (Sudan))
Sixteen spring wheat genotypes were grown under hot, irrigated, low latitude conditions, during the 1990-1991 and 1991-1992 winter cropping cycles in Mexico, Egypt, India and the Sudan, and in the 1990 and 1991 winter cycles in Brazil. The genotypes were chosen to represent a range of genetic diversity within modern wheat varieties. Above ground biomass at maturity, grains per sq m, days to anthesis and days to maturity, measured on both December and February sowing dates in Mexico showed generally significant correlations with yields measured at the other sites. Membrane thermostability (MT), measured on field-acclimated flag leaves showed generally significant correlations with performance at all sites, and with MT measurements made on heat-acclimated seedlings of the same genotypes grown in growth chambers. Flag-leaf photosynthesis measured at booting, anthesis and during grain filling on both sowing dates, was generally significantly correlated with grain yield at all sites, as was rate of loss of leaf chlorophyll content during grain filling. Stomatal conductance and canopy temperature depression (CTD) were significantly correlated with performance. The correlation of CTD with yield was not affected by the irrigation status of the crop under well-watered conditions. The possible use of these traits in selection for yield under hot conditions is discussed.
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