Pests, diseases and germplasm components of the diagnostic survey studies 1992 - 1994
1994
A rapid rural appraisal was done to identify farming systems, farmer priorities, perceptions and constraints and a report was produced highlighting production problems which were weevils, soil infertility and acidity, diverse cultivars, low priority allocated to bananas at national level. A diagnostis survey study was carried out to map out biotic and abiotic constraints- pests, diseases, germplasm, agronomic practices to determine underlying mechanisms and dynamics of distribution and study impact of productivity of banana based cropping systems in Uganda. Survey methodology involved site selection, farm selection, census data, plot and mat selection and collection, pest and disease incidence were recorded monthly and also record phenological events, plant growth was measured tp relate with disease and pest incidence. Standard scoring system was used for necrotic or affected area caused by weevils, nematodes and leaf spots. Banana weevils were assessed by trapping and scoring damage. Nematode sampling consisted of finding species profile and then root necrosis assessment. The results show that highland bananas (AAA-EA group) are the most important in Uganda. Weevils are all over the country except high elevations. Plantains (AAB) and highland (AAA-EA) are more susceptible, introduced beer types (AB ABB) are fairly resistant. An evaluation was made on the occurence of entomopathogens Beauveria bassina and Metarhizium anisopliae to control weevils, eight parasitic nematodes species were encountered on bananas. All highland banana cultivars were susceptible to black sigatoka and Fusarium wilt in contrast to exotic cultivars
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