New productive hexaploid derivatives after introgression of Avena pilosa features
1991
Hoppe, H.D. | Kummer, M. (Institute of Breeding Research Quedlinburg (Germany))
Crosses were initiated between Avena pilosa (CAV 0128) (2n=14) and Avena sativa cv. 'Solidor' (2n=42) in order to transfer resistance to powdery mildew from the wild into cultivated oat. Derivatives were developed using the high susceptible cv. Solidor as the recurrent parent in continuous backcrossing. The pedigree breeding applied resulted in hexaploid progenies during BC2F3 to BC2F5. Solidor was compared with BC2 derivatives at two locations in 1988 (BC2F6), three locations in 1989 resp. 1990 (BC2F7 resp. BC2F8). The harvested plot area was 5 square metre in 1988 and on an average 12 square metre in 1989 and 1990 (on all locations four replications). All backcross lines showed a high level of adult plant resistance and seedling resistance to races 4 and 5. The inheritance of the resistance in the hexaploid backcross lines is depending on an incompletely dominant gene. In general, the backcross lines reached the level of their recurrent parent in grain yield potential. Some lines differed from Solidor in grain quality traits. The lines APR 162, 166, 167, 171, 211 and 122 had a significantly higher grain protein percentage than the recurrent parent. In the first 4 of these lines, the high grain protein level was combined with a high thousand grain weight. The hull percentage of APR 122 was significantly lower than Solidor. These results demonstrate that 2 backcrosses were sufficient to eliminate most of the undesirable attributes of the resistant wild oat. In comparison with the recurrent parent cv. 'Solidor', some of the features were expressed in a completely new or transgressive manner, including resistance to powdery mildew, thousand grain weight, grain protein percentage and tillering potential.
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