Farming efficiency and development problems of vanilla in Bali

英语. Studies on farming efficiency and development problems of vanilla in Bali were conducted in August 1994 to get an illustration about farming characteristics and efficiency and its development problems. This study was conducted using the survey method and partisipative observation. Visual observations showed that generally the farming system was conducted by intercropping vanilla between cloves, coffee, coconuts, etc. with a fragmentation pattern. Regression of production function showed that the vanilla farming system in Bali was neither technically nor economically efficient. This was indicated by the sum of elasticity values (sigma b1=1.2377) which was significantly different from one at 5 percent level. This means that increasing return to scale condition was performed. Production factors necessarily to be increased for its utilization were plant population and pesticides use. The main problems of vanilla development in Bali were farming efficiency level which was not yet optimal and plant diseases which destroyed about 25 percent of the total area per year

印度尼西亚. Penelitian efisiensi usahatani dan masalah pengembangan panili di Bali telah dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 1994 dengan tujuan memberi gambaran tentang karakteristik dan efisiensi usahatani serta masalah pengembangannya. Penelitian menggunakan metode survai dan pengamatan partisipasif. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa usahatani panili yang dilakukan secara tumpang sari di antara tanaman cengkeh, kopi, kelapa, dan lain-lain dengan pola tanam berbentuk fragmentasi. Hasil regresi fungsi produksi menyimpulkan bahwa usahatani panili di Bali belum efisien baik secara teknis maupun ekonomis. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh jumlah nilai elastisitas produksi (sigma bi=1.2377) yang berbeda nyata terhadap satu pada taraf 5 persen, yang berarti terjadi keadaan increasing return to scale. Faktor sarana produksi yang masih perlu ditingkatkan penggunaannya adalah populasi tanaman tiap satuan areal dan obat-obatan (pestisida). Masalah utama pengembangan panili di Bali selain efisiensi usahatani yang belum optimal, juga adanya serangan penyakit terutama penyakit busuk batang panili (BBP), yang tingkat serangannya mencapai rata-rata 25 persen tiap tahun dari luas pertanaman panili yang dimiliki