Genetic variation of growth, yield component and yield of wheat plant

英语. An experiment to evaluate genotypic coefficient of variation, phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability value, genotypic and phenotypic correlations of plant growth, yield component, and yield of wheat, was conducted at Rambatan Sub Station in West Sumatra from October 1992 to February 1993. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design. Twenty four wheat varieties were tested in four replications. Plot size was 4 x 0,9 m. Seeds were sown at rate of 125 kg seeds per ha. The spacing between rows was 30 cm. The crop was fertilized with 90 kg (N), 45 kg P2O5, and 30 kg K2O/ha. Variables measured were days to flowering and maturity, plant height, number of spikes/m square, length of spike, number of spikelet per ear, number of seed per ear, weight of 1000 grains, and yield. The results of the experiment indicated that heritabilities estimated for all treatment were 17.72-92.00 percent. Number of spikelets per spike had low heritability. Four components showed high genotypic coefficient correlation with yield, namely plant height, maturity days, number of spikes/m square and number of seeds per spike. These characters can be used as selection criteria for high yield of wheat

印度尼西亚. Penelitian untuk mempelajari koefisien keragaman genetik dan fenotipik, nilai heritabilitas, kemajuan genetik, koefisien keragaman genotipik dan fenotipik, serta korelasi fenotipik dan genotipik antara peubah tanaman dengan hasil, telah dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Rambatan Sumatera Barat pada bulan Oktober 1992 sampai Pebruari 1993. Rancangan yang digunakan acak kelompok, genotip yang diuji terdiri dari 24 galur terigu dalam empat ulangan. Ukuran petak 4 x 0,9 m. Penanaman dilakukan secara larikan, jarak antar larikan 30 cm. Masing-masing genotip digunakan 125 kg benih per hektar. Pupuk diberikan 90 kg N, 45 kg P2O5, dan 30 kg K2O per hektar. Peubah yang diamati adalah umur berbunga, umur masak, tinggi tanaman, jumlah malai/m2, panjang malai, jumlah bulir per malai, butir per malai, bobot 1000 butir dan hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa heritabilitas peubah yang diamati berkisar antara 17,72 dan 92,00 persen. Heritabilitas terendah adalah jumlah spikelet per malai. Empat peubah mempunyai koefisien korelasi genotip tinggi dengan hasil, yaitu tinggi tanaman, umur masak, jumlah malai per m2, dan jumlah biji per malai. Karakter tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai kriteria seleksi untuk mendapatkan tanaman terigu yang berproduksi tinggi