Effects of heat stress on bovine milk yield and composition

acide gras acidi grassi air temperature calcio calcium calidad carbohydrate content casein caseina chemical composition composition chimique composizione chimica contenido de carbohidratos contenido mineral contenido proteico contenuto lipidico contenuto proteico cow milk dairy cows energy metabolism fatty acids feed intake feeding systems fosforo freezing point hormonas hormone hormones ingestione alimentare (animali) lactation lactosa lactose lait de vache lattazione latte di vacca lattosio leche de vaca lipid content magnesio magnesium metabolismo energetico milk yield mineral content ormoni phosphore phosphorus prise alimentaire (animaux) protein content punto di congelamento quality rendement laitier rendimiento lechero sistemi di alimentazione stress termico stress thermique technique d'alimentation temperatura del aire temperatura dell'aria teneur en glucides teneur en lipides termoregolazione thermal stress thermoregulation vacas lecheras vacche lattifere