Buckwheat variety improvement in Nepal: overview and future prospect
2001
Biswokarma, S.B. | Upreti, R.P. | Upadhyay, S.R.(Hill Crop Research Program, Kabre, Dolakha (Nepal))
Genus Fagopyrum consists of two cultivated buckwheat species viz. mithe (common) (F. esculentum) and tite (tartary)(F. tartaricum). Both species are under cultivation since time immemorial in Nepal. Buckwheat is one of the mandatory crops of Hill Crops Research Program (HCRP) and is an important staple food crop in high hills. Tite buckwheat is more important in higher elevation. Under varietal improvement work on buckwheat a number of activities have been carried out by HCRP, Kabre. Separate sets on mithe and tite buckwheat experiments are being tested. Observation nurseries have been tested in two-row plot basis while Initial Evaluation Trial (IET) and Coordinated Varietal Trial (CVT) in lattice design. Seven activities viz. National Observation Nursery (NON) (mithe and tite), IET (Mithe and tite), CVT (Mithe and tite) and Farmer field Trial (FFT) (mithe) are carried out under varietal improvement work. This paper consists of the finding of Agriculture Research Station, Jumla (2350 masl), Agriculture Botany Division, Khumaltar (1350 masl) and HCRP, Kabre (1740 masl) in 1999 and 2001. In advance observation nursery, AccNo. 481, CBBP-03, IR-13, AccNo. 6529 were promising in mithe genotypes while AccNo. 5170, AccNo. 7529, AccNo. 2193 and sample No. 6-1 were superior genotypes in tite at Kabre, Jumla and Khumaltar. Genotypes GF-5139 DARZA and local mithe were found promising in mithe while genotypes MY-2-27-1, AccNo. 2227-1 and local tite were high yielding in tite under IET. In CVT (mithe), local mithe, GF-5274, GF-5099 and in CVT (tite), AccNo. 2223, GF-212, AccNo. 2230, AccNo. 2227 were promising at Kabre and Jumla. In FFT, GF-5274, IR-13 and GF-5283 were superior in mid hills. Diversed yield potential of these genotypes indicates the possibility of developing high yielding varieties suitable to different sites.
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