Pedological Study of some Soil profiles in Al-sheik Saad region at Tartous governorate
2020
Nauaf Mansur
This research has studied some soils physical, chemical and morphological properties in the area of sheik Saad (Tartous), To recognize to the current status of these soils and to study their horizons and to classify these soils according to the American Modern System. To carry out this study, 10 soil profiles on a topographical sequence were selected and prepared. Morphological characteristics, type of plant cover and Geographic Position System (GPS) were accomplished for each one of these profiles. Samples were taken from profile horizons and were carried to the lab for physical and chemical analysis. The results showed that the soils area formed on calcareous rocks so that they had high content of calcium carbonate. The profile depth ranged between shallow and deep (7 – 115) cm, the pH ranged between slightly acidic and alkaline (6.8- 8.4), and the organic matter contents of the surface horizons ranged between in (0.51- 6.5%). Due to high clay and organic matter content, the soils showed high cation exchange capacity (CEC) (22- 56.2 meq/100g). Exchangeable calcium was dominant on the surface of adsorption complex, then magnesium in second stage. The results showed also that the studied soils belong to the following orders: Mollisols, Inceptisols, Alfisols, Entisols which have profile types: A – B – C, A – B1 – B2t - C, A – C, while the profile of Entisols formed from only one horizon, and the existence of Diagnostic horizons: Mollic Epipedon and Ochric Epipedon and Argillic Horizon. The study showed that the organic matter decreased and the Bulk density increased with the increasing of slop, while the organic matter increased and the pH number decreased with the increasing of altitude.
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