INVESTIGATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF GENES ENCODING LACKASE ISOZENES IN SEX-RELATED SPECIES TRAMETES SP

The main aim of the article is to explore the activity of genes encoding lackase isozenes in sex related species trametes SP. More than 40 genomes of various basidiomycetes have been examined and partially annotated. Biochemical mechanisms of biodegradation of different types of wood by basidiomycetes are studied at all three levels, and the spectrum of lignocellulotic complex enzymes is determined. Despite of the established general regularities of the processes of wood destruction, the specific mechanism is determined by the individual characteristics of the fungi. As shown, the physiological and biochemical properties of fungi are determined by their habitat and the composition of multienzyme complexes, which in turn is associated with ecological characteristics and trophic specialization of species. In the preliminary research conducted in the laboratory, a pure culture was isolated from the collected basidiomas, and for this process, a standard nutrient medium - 2-30 B bleached malt juice (ASH) was used. Cultivation was carried out for 3 - 5 days at 26 - 280C. The obtained results provide a unique opportunity to study the biology and evolution of species that are important from both fundamental and applied points of view: firstly, currently available information resources combine with experimental data to accelerate the study of fundamental aspects of the biology of basidiomycetes; secondly, it allows to search for enzymes and biologically active compounds of fungi that are promising for use in industrial biotechnology, ecology and medicine, and ultimately their extraction from fungi. It was determined that the multigene laccase family of fungi belonging to the genus Trametes Quel consists of at least 5 genes and their complete sequences were determined. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of laccases identified from fungi belonging to the genus Trametes showed that they are divided into groups with different functional properties. The main component of the lignolytic complex of fungi belonging to the genus Trametes is laccases, which are active in all environments, regardless of the composition and the duration of mushroom cultivation. At the same time, 2 isoenzymes (LacA and LacC) and their multiple isoforms were detected in secretomes. The enzymes synthesized by T. hirsuta are mainly glucanase and mannosidases. Keywords: Trametes sp., basidiomycetes, laccase, strain, secretome