Agro-morphological and chemical characterization of Philippine traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties
2018
Alde, R.C.
Fifty traditional rice varieties from Region 7 [Central Visayas, Philipinnes] and 8 [Eastern Visayas] were characterized using the Bioversity International rice descriptor list. Pest and disease resistance and grain chemical properties were also evaluated. Using the standardized Shannon-Weaver diversity index, phenotypic diversity indices averaged at 0.86 and 0.22 for quantitative and qualitative traits, respectively. Even though the qualitative traits had low diversity, there were desirable traits observed such as erect leaf blade, strong lodging resistance and dense panicle. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the two principal components explained 25% of the total variation. Morphological characters, such as number of tiller per plant and number of panicle per plant contributed 13.48% of variation in the in the first two principal component. Moreover, 'Pirurutong' (Coll. No. 5003) was identified to have desirable grain quality traits with high gel consistency, intermediate amylose and soft gel consistency. 'Baysilanon', 'Milagrosa' (Coll. No. 11306) and '7-7 Red' were observed to have high iron content while 38 varieties for zinc. 'Rmp/Kaimpas' was resistant to deadheart and had moderate reaction to whitehead and blast. For every trait characterized or evaluated, promising accessions were identified within the traditional varieties. Hence, the assessed germplasm collection may be used by various breeding programs.
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