Molecular characterization of classical swine fever virus in CALABARZON [Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon] Philippines
2018
Arambulo-Collado, A.
Classical swine fever is a highly contagious and economically important viral disease of swine affecting all age groups. CS infection is endemic in the Philippines. Detection and molecular characterization of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) was done on 126 blood samples collected from SF clinically-suspected pigs in CALABARZON [Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon, Philippines]region. Indirect ELISA was used to detect the sero-prevalence of CSFV in the region, which was determined to be 36.97% (44/119). Results showed that sero-prevalence for the vaccinated domestic and native pigs were 68.63% (34/51) and 80% (4/5), respectively. In contrast, the sero-prevalence in non-vaccinated domestic and native pigs was 6.98% (3/43) and 15% (3/20), respectively. To confirm and differentiate vaccine-induced antibodies from field infections, reverse transcription-PCR was employed. Out of the 122 samples tested, 5 samples were positive and showed a product size of approximately 1,100bp. Further capillary sequencing of amplicons confirmed them to be partial E2 genes of the classical swine fever virus with length of about 253-341 nts. Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of the CSFV field samples with representative reference strains under subgenotype 1.1 with 94% similarity. Meanwhile, 97% homology was seen with vaccine strains used. This is the first documented account of classical swine fever virus belonging to subgenotype 1.1 in the Philippines.
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