Current Status of Fluvalinate Resistance in Varroa destructor in Korea and Suggestion for Possible Solution
2022
Kim, Y.H. | Lee, S.K.
The beekeeping industry in Korea has been severely challenged by winter losses of honey bee colonies recently. Various factors such as climate changes, pesticides, pathogens, nutritional imbalance, parasitic mites and other environmental factors are argued as the causes of the large-scale losses of winter bees. However, it is more rational to suggest that a combination of these multiple stressors rather than a single factor is responsible for this damage. Among these factors, the ectoparasitic mites, particularly Varroa destructor, has been widely reported to significantly cause winter losses of honey bee colonies in various countries, and beekeepers in Korea complain that it is difficult to control mites with conventional methods. Considering that fluvalinate has been the most abundantly used synthetic acaricide in Korea, and intensive and repetitive use of fluvalinate has been suggested to be result in the development of resistant V. destructor populations in previous studies, we first focused on discussing the mode of action of fluvalinate and the mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. Current status of the fluvalinate resistance V. destructor in Korea and selection of alternative acaricides are further discussed in this review.
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