Efektivna osenčenost kao osnova za utvrđivanje potreba jabuke za vodom u klimatskim uslovima Vojvodine | The effective area of shade as a basic for determining the water requirement of apples
2020
Pejić, Borivoj | Mačkić, Ksenija | Magazin, Nenad
Research on the calculation of apple water requirements or evapotranspiration (ETc) by the method of the effective area of shade (EAS) and the application of crop coefficients (kc) 1.15 and 1.3 was performed in the orchard of the company Delta Agrar Ltd. in Čelarevo in 2018. The Breburn variety was analyzed in the research. The measurement of shade percent was performed in the morning (9 a.m.), at noon and in the afternoon (15 p.m.). Based on the measured values of the shadow length and the estimated area of the unshaded parts within the shaded area, the EAS of 57% was calculated. The determined EAS values are used in further calculations of daily, monthly and vegetation apple ETc (mm), and the values of water quantity in liters (l) that should be added by irrigation (I) to each tree in relation to vegetation space are also calculated. Vegetation space in an apple orchard is defined by a row spacing of 3.2 m and a row spacing of 0.8 m (3900 plants/ha). The values of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) as a parameter for determining the ETc were calculated by the Hargreaves method. The kc coefficients of 1.15 and 1.3 were used in the calculation. The calculated values of ETc for apple at the vegetation level were 456 mm and 517 mm. The monthly values (April-September) were in the range of 45-103 mm and 45-145 mm. The average ETd during the vegetation period was 2.5 mm, and 2.8 mm, with maximum values in July of 3.9 mm and 5.7 mm. Based on the previously determined values of water consumption for apple evapotranspiration in our climatic conditions from 550 to 600 mm, it can be concluded that the application of water consumption for apple evapotranspiration by EAS method using kc 1,3 or formula ETc (mm) = 1,3 x EAS (%) x ETo (mm) + 0.1 ETo (mm) can be accepted in the climatic conditions of the Vojvodina region.
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书目信息
出版者 Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija) | Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia)
ISSN 0546-8264