Aflatoxin contamination of field corn: evaluation of regional test plots for early detection
1978
Lillehoj, E.B. | Kwolek, W.F. | Zuber, M.S. | Calvert, O.H. | Horner, E.S. | Widstrom, N.W. | Guthrie, W.D. | Scott, G.E. | Thompson, D.L. | Findley, W.R. | Bockholt, A.J.
A commercial hybrid adapted for growth in the S and a hybrid adapted to the Corn Belt were grown at 9 diverse locations in the US. Incidence of aflatoxin during ear development ranged from 0 in the Corn Belt samples to 75% in Fla. tested maize, with no pattern of hybrid difference in toxin occurrence. Incubation of test ears for 7-10 days at 28 deg C immediately after harvest did not change toxin incidence significantly. Inoculation of Mo. test ears with Aspergillus flavus spores 20 days after flowering provided accumulation of 997 ppb pf aflatoxin B1 20 days later. Inoculated ears of the regionally non-adapted var. exhibited higher aflatoxin levels than did maize from the adapted hybrid. Weather data from the test locations provided preliminary evidence for association between temp.-precipitation during maize development and the extent of aflatoxin occurrence.<new para>ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT:<new para>In 1974, 2 maize cv. grown commercially in the S. and in the Corn Belt, resp., were sown at 9 sites throughout the USA and analysed for aflatoxin contamination at 40 and 60 days after flowering and at maturity. Aflatoxin incidence ranged from zero in the Corn Belt to 75% in Florida, with no significant differences between cv. at different sites. Ears of the regionally non-adapted cv. inoculated with Aspergillus flavus developed higher conc. of aflatoxin than did ears of the adapted cv. It is suggested that methods of estimating potential contamination of the maize crop could be developed with the use of temp. and precipitation correlations and surveys of insect vector infestation.
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