Yield and Yield Components of Spring Oat for Various Planting Dates
1991
Gooding, R.W. | Lafever, H.N.
Early seeding is a recommended cultural practice to insure maximum yield of spring-seeded oat (Avena sativa L.). However, in the lower Midwest, research involving modern cultivars to support this claim is lacking. Spring oat cultivars Heritage, Ogle and Porter were sown during three seeding periods, 3 to 10 April (early), 24 April to 1 May (moderately late) and 16 to 22 May (late) at Wooster, OH in 1986 and 1987. Grain yield, yield components and growth duration were evaluated. Delaying seeding from the earliest to the latest date reduced yields by an average of 41% in the 1986 season and 24% in the 1987 season. In 1986 seeds per panicle decreased 24% and in 1986 and 1987, number of panicles per square foot decreased by 17 and 35%, respectively, when seeding was delayed. The decrease of 15 seeds/panicle in 1986 occurred in spite of a 14% increase in florets per panicle. Growth duration decreased by 23% in the 1986 season and 25% in the 1987 season as a result of delayed seeding when comparing early and late-seeding periods. Grain-filling period also decreased as a result of delayed seeding. The greater number of florets produced when seeding was delayed was most likely a compensation effect due to fewer panicles per square foot. However, when seeding was delayed, anthesis, seed set and grain fill took place under less favorable conditions due primarily to high temperatures in late June to mid-July. This resulted in an overall reduction in seed set and kernel weight compared to earlier plantings.
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