Mise au point d'un procede combine de deshydratation impregnation par immersion et sechage de bananes (Musa acuminata groupe Cavendish) | Fine-tuning a combined process of dehydration-impregnation by immersion and drying of bananas (Musa acuminata group Cavendish)
2002
Nono, Y.J. | Reynes, M. | Zakhia, N. | Raoult-Wack, A.L. | Giroux, F.
Banana (Musa acuminata group Cavendish) treatment by the combined process of dewatering-impregnation soaking process (DISP) and drying was studied in the present work. Experiments were carried out in a laterally agitated vat. Bananas were cut into slices of 10 mm thickness before soaking and drying. A method of banana treatment was determined and consisted of soaking products in two successive sucrose baths with respective concentrations of 35°Brix and 70°Brix, acidified at 3.5 pH with ascorbic acid. The first bath, which contained 1% calcium chloride to ensure the firmness of the fruit, served also in blanching the fruit. This consisted of soaking the fruit in the solution initially heated at 85°C and leaving them to dehydrate while cooling slowly to room temperature over a period of 24 h. The mass ratio of fruit to solution for this bath was 1:6. Dehydration in the second bath at 70°Brix was conducted with a fruit to solution ratio of 1:4 and at room temperature, for economic reasons and for the quality of final product. This second treatment was doubly important: there was an increase in the sugar content of the fruit and further water loss maintaining the banana slice shape during the final drying. It also conferred on final product a good mouth-texture (the final product was softer), a pleasant sweet taste and spread the banana aroma more widely. Treatment in two successive baths led to a weight reduction of 60.2% and a solute gain of 2%. Bananas then underwent a moderate drying at 40°C for 72 h with an air relative humidity of less than 60%. The water content of the final product was 16.5% and its average water activity was 0.54 +/- 0.02 at 25°C. The final product had an attractive colour and did not show any brown pigmentation.
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