Land use, management and physical attributes of dense Ferralsols in tropical northeastern Brazil
2021
de Castro Paes, Ésio | Fernandes, Iara Oliveira | Dias, Fabiane Pereira Machado | Pereira, Elisângela Gonçalves | Santos, Davi Ney | de Lima, José Maria | Nóbrega, Rafaela Simão Abrahão | Nóbrega, Júlio César Azevedo
In Brazil, Haplic Ferralsols (Densic) are commonly known to have physical limitations, including higher bulk density and less drainable porosity, less water infiltration and greater resistance to root growth. However, there are extensive areas with these soils in Brazil that are important for agricultural production. Because maintaining and/or recovering the physical quality of these soils is an important task to maintain agricultural sustainability, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different use and management systems on the physical quality and total organic carbon content of Haplic Ferralsols (Densic) in northeastern Brazil. The evaluated systems were: conventional planting (CC), pasture (PP) and two agroforestry systems: one 7 years (AF7) and the other 12 years old (AF12). An area of secondary forest with remnants of the Atlantic Forest Biome (SF) was selected and sampled as a reference. The total organic carbon content (TOC), flocculation index (FI) and particle density (Dp) were determined. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ko), macroporosity (MaP), microporosity (MiP), total porosity (TP), soil bulk density (Ds) and aggregate stability were also determined in samples collected in the 0– to 0.10, 0.10 to 0.20 and 0.20– to 0.40 m soil layers. The variables that best distinguished the agroforestry systems from the other systems were GMD, MaA, WMD and TOC. Correlations of these variables, all related to the soil structure in the AF7 and AF12 systems, contribute to maintaining or regenerating soil aggregation. None of the soil management systems were grouped with the forest area, although areas in the agroforestry systems had lower impact on the physical soil quality parameters compared to the CC and PP systems.
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