Moderated Mineral Acid Catalysis for Durable-Press Finishing Under Mild-Curing Conditions 1
1974
Reinhardt, Robert M. | Kullman, Russell M.H.
Mineral acids are effective catalysts in mild-cure finishing treatments for producing wrinkle resistance in cotton fabrics. In these treatments fabrics are impregnated with a solution containing an N-methylolated amide crosslinking agent and the catalyst, and heated without predrying, at 60-100°C for a short time. The heating is regulated so that the moisture content of the fibers at the end of the crosslinking treatment is about 3-5%. However, because of the potentially corro sive effect on equipment and the precise control necessary during treatments that utilize mineral acid catalysts, other catalyst systems have been sought. The present approach has been to modify the activity of the mineral acid by in cluding a moderating salt in the catalyst system. Certain acid/salt combinations that provide sufficient catalytic activity for mild-cure finishing were developed. The catalyst systems used were HCl/NH₄H₂PO ₄, HCl/NH₄C₂H₃O₂, and HNO ₃/ NH₄H₂PO₄. Treatments utilizing these catalysts gave fabrics with greater strength but lower wrinkle- and chlorine- resistance than those receiving treatments catalyzed by mineral acid alone. Magnitude of the changes varied with concentrations and relative amounts of acid and salt in the catalyst system; quantities for optimum relationships were established.
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