Fabrication of magnetic polybenzoxazine-based carbon nanofibers with Fe₃O₄ inclusions with a hierarchical porous structure for water treatment
2012
Si, Yang | Ren, Tao | Li, Yan | Ding, Bin | Yu, Jianyong
Hierarchical porous, magnetic Fe₃O₄@carbon nanofibers (Fe₃O₄@CNFs) based on polybenzoxazine precursors have been synthesized by a combination of electrospinning and in situ polymerization. The benzoxazine monomers could easily form thermosetting nanofibers by in situ ring-opening polymerization and subsequently be converted into CNFs by carbonization. The resultant fibers with an average diameter of 130nm are comprised of carbon fibers with embedded Fe₃O₄ nanocrystals, and could have a high surface area of 1885m²g⁻¹ and a porosity of 2.3cm³g⁻¹. Quantitative pore size distribution and fractal analysis were used to investigate the hierarchical porous structure using N₂ adsorption and synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering measurements. The role of precursor composition and activation process for the effects of the porous structure is discussed, and a plausible correlation between surface fractal dimension and porous parameter is proposed. The Fe₃O₄@CNFs exhibit efficient adsorption for organic dyes in water and excellent magnetic separation performance, suggesting their use as a promising adsorbent for water treatment, and also provided new insight into the design and development of a carbon nanomaterial based on a polybenzoxazine precursor.
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