Autotoxicity effects of soils continuously cropped with tomato
2011
Yan-Yan, Sun | Gui-Ying, Jiang | Xiao-Chun, Wei | Jian-Guo, Liu
A pot experiment was done to determine the effects of continuous cropping and application of activated charcoal in soil on the growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and physiological parameters of photosynthesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller). The yield and biomass of tomato were significantly inhibited with the continuous cropping. The 2, 3 and 4-years of continuous cropping inhibitory the yield and biomass of tomato by 5.34%, 21.5%, 29.3% and 11.7%, 16.3%, 38.8%. The increasing duration of continuous cropping, decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), root vigour and chlorophyll content in tomato plants. However, the peroxidase (POD) activity declined after increasing, but malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content was increased. Application of activated charcoal in soil greatly improved the physiological characteristics (SOD activity and chlorophyll content), but MDA content was decreased in tomato plants grown in soil mixed with activated charcoal than in soil without activated charcoal. Besides, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) decreased with prolonged cropping time (4-years) to 58.7%, 45.8% and 55.1% than control (1-year), respectively. The addition of activated charcoal to soil, increased the Pn, Gs and Tr than their control (no activated charcoal), respectively by 236.9%, 106.6% and 161.9%. The results suggested that adding of activated charcoal to soil changed the autotoxic effects of tomato, the antioxidant enzymes activities and decreased the physiological parameters.
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