Hydrogenation of soybean oil with copper-chromium catalyst: preliminary plant-scale observations
1974
List, G.R. | Evans, C.D. | Beal, R.E. | Black, L.T. | Moulton, K.J. | Cowan, J.C.
4 commercial hydrogenations were carried out on 20 000 lb batches of soybean oil with 0.25, 0.5, and 1% fresh Cu-chromite catalyst and 1% used catalyst. Hydrogenations proceeded smoothly at catalyst levels of 0.5 and 1%, but the reaction was slow at a 0.25% concn. Kinetic, selectivity ratio (selectivity is defined as the ratio of linolenate hydrogenation rate to the linloeate hydrogenation rate) and fatty acid compositional data were acquired during several of the hydrogenation runs. Ni contamination, confirmed by analysis of used Cu catalyst, lowered selectivity. Cu content of the oil rose during hydrogenation, but normal processing steps, particularly bleaching and winterization, removed it to below levels (0.01-0.02 ppm) detectable by direct atomic absorption spectroscopy. Both Cu and Cr remaining in the oil after processing were conc. by winterization in the stearine fraction. Organoleptic oxidative, and room odour tests showed that oils of good stability can be produced on a commercial scale by Cu hydrogenation and winterization. Information was gained regarding problems involved in the plant use of Cu-chromite catalyst for hydrogenating soybean oil for edible purposes.
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