Psychological well-being response to high protein and high carbohydrate weight loss diets in overweight and obese men: A randomised trial
2013
Lutze, Janna | Taylor, Pennie | Brinkworth, Grant D. | Wyld, Belinda | Syrette, Julie | Wilson, Carlene J. | Clifton, Peter M. | Noakes, Manny
BACKGROUND & AIMS: High protein, low fat (HP) diets have established efficacy for weight management, but their effects on psychological well-being, particularly in men have not been well studied. This study compared an energy controlled HP diet with a high carbohydrate, low fat (HC) diet on psychological well-being after 1 year. METHODS: 117 obese men (mean ± SD, age 49.6 ± 9.2 years; BMI 31.2 ± 4.2 kg/m²) were randomised to consumption of either an energy restricted (∼7 MJ/day), HP diet (n = 57; 35% of total energy as protein, 40% carbohydrate, 25% fat) or an isocaloric, HC diet (n = 61; 17% protein, 58% carbohydrate, 25% fat) for 52 weeks. Body weight and psychological well-being was measured with Profile of Mood States (POMS), Bachman's Self Esteem scale and the SF-36 instruments at baseline (week 0), week 12 and week 52. RESULTS: Weight loss was (mean ± SEM) 8.9 ± 0.4 kg (8.6%) at Week 12 and 10.5 ± 0.8 kg (10.5%) at Week 52 (p < 0.001 for time); no difference between groups (p = 0.91 time × diet effect). POMS subscales (anger-hostility, vigour-activity, confusion-bewilderment, tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia) and total mood disturbance score and the majority of SF-36 subscales significantly improved at one year (p ≤ 0.05 for all). Self-esteem did not change significantly during the intervention (p = 0.075). No effect of diet composition was evident for any of the psychometric measures assessed (p ≥ 0.5 for time × diet effect). CONCLUSIONS: In overweight and obese men, weight loss on hypocaloric HP and HC diets were both effective in improving mood and general psychological well-being over one year. Registered under anzctr.org.au Identifier no. ACTRN 12606000002583.
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