Economy value, nutritional value, production and utilization of potato tubers in the world and in Croatia | Gospodarska važnost, hranidbena vrijednost, proizvodnja i potrošnja krumpira u svijetu i u nas
2013
Buturac, I.
We are producing potato in continental part of Croatia mainly for autumn harvesting. Prevalent are middle late, and less middle early and early potato cultivars. In Istria, Dalmatia and on islands early and less middle early cultivars are grown. They are primary oriented on production of very early potato „ young potato“ (with peeling skin). For early potato production good pre-sprouting is of special concern. In hot and dry years we have second growth of tubers and under the extreme hot condition we have breaking dormancy and tuber sprouting in the field. Tomorrow such tubers we cannot to trade and main production area have to introduce irrigation in their fields. Not just for quality reason but also to increase yield to be able to compete with other producer from EU. In optimal condition at 21 ºC potato will sprout in 8 days, at 10-13 ºC in 30 days any longer period of sprouting is telling us that potato is planted in too cold soil. Tubers are formed on stolons at temperature15-22ºC, at the higher temp. (without irrigation) some stolons will not form tubers rather they grow out of the soil as shoot - stem. At optimal condition for photosynthesis (10-28ºC, and optimal soil moisture we may have tuber growth up to 700 kg/day/ha. Due to this it is very important to protect leaves from defoliation (early blight and late blight). Leaf protection is not important only for the yield it is equally important to keep tubers healthy (not infected with late blight). Potato is important in our diet and for us is healthy food and it is not only contributing to the daily calorie need (carbohydrates).Potato is for us good source of vitamins (C., B6), minerals (Cu, Mg, K), plant fiber and antioxidants.
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