Défis présents et futurs pour les systèmes urbains affectés par l’eau de mer et son intrusion: le cas de Venise, Italie Desafíos actuales y futuros de los sistemas urbanos afectados por agua salada y su intrusión: el caso de Venecia, Italia 受 海水及其入侵影响的城市系统研究现状及展望---以意大利威尼斯为例 Desafios presentes e futuros dos sistemas urbanos afectados por água marinha e sua intrusão: o caso de Veneza, Itália | Present and future challenges of urban systems affected by seawater and its intrusion: the case of Venice, Italy
2011
In lagoonal and marine environments, both historic monuments and recent buildings suffer from severe salt damage caused by sea flooding, sea-level rise and frequent storm events. Salt-water contamination of groundwater systems, a widespread phenomenon typical of coastal areas, can lead to a deterioration not only of the quality of fresh groundwater resources, but also of building materials in urban settlements. A general overview is given of the hydrogeological configuration of the subsoil of Venice (Italy), with particular reference to the shallow groundwater circulation. The relationship between the seawater in the subsoil and salt decay processes, due to salt crystallization, is highlighted. These processes affect civil constructions in Venice’s historic center. Perched aquifers, influenced by tide variations and characterized by salt-water intrusion, favor the transport of salts within masonry walls through the action of rising damp. In fact, foundations, in direct contact with the aquifers, may become a preferential vehicle for the transportation of salt within buildings. Decay patterns of different building materials can be detected through non-destructive techniques, which can identify sea-salt damage and therefore assist in the preservation of cultural heritage in coastal areas.
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