Soil biochemical properties of various land use under rainfed conditions in Shiwalik foothills of Punjab, India
2022
Maini, Asima | Sharma, Vivek | Sharma, Sandeep | Arora, Raavi | Dhaliwal, SS
Soil microbial and enzymatic activities are sensitive to environmental change. To assess variations in soil properties, six prominent rainfed land-use systems were undertaken in Shiwalik foothills of Punjab, India. In soil samples (0–0.15 m), pH, EC, SOC, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, DTPA-Zn, DTPA-Fe, DTPA-Mn and DTPA-Cu varied from 7.3–7.9, 0.31–0.61 ds m⁻¹, 0.20–0.63%, 110–381 kg ha⁻¹, 29.8–32.6 kg ha⁻¹, 99–196 kg ha⁻¹, 9.5–15.1 mg kg⁻¹, 9.0–25.2 mg kg⁻¹, 0.31–1.02 mg kg⁻¹ and 0.71–0.96 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. In soil biochemical properties, dehydrogenase activity varied from 5.4–10.9 µg TPF g⁻¹ h⁻¹, acid and alkaline phosphatase from 17.0–36.5 µg pNP g⁻¹ h⁻¹ and 36.3–61.3 µg pNP g⁻¹ h⁻¹, urease from 4.05 to 4.80 µg NH₄-N g⁻¹ soil min⁻¹, basal soil respiration from 0.13–0.27 µg CO₂ g⁻¹ soil h⁻¹, MBC from 34.9 to 184.5 µg g⁻¹ soil, total and easily extractable glomalin from 4.19 to 8.80 g kg⁻¹ and 1.70 to 8.32 g kg⁻¹, respectively. PCA identified SOC, EC, total extractable glomalin, DTPA-Zn and available potassium as most sensitive and reliable indicators for soil quality. Agri-horticulture and forestry system are considered as sustainable ecosystem in Shiwalik foothills of Punjab.
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