Long-term exercise training with constant energy intake. 3. Effects on plasma lipoprotein levels
1990
Despres, J.P. | Tremblay, A. | Moorjani, S. | Lupien, P.J. | Theriault, G. | Nadeau, A. | Bouchard, C.
The composition and concentration of plasma lipoproteins were studied in five young men (mean BMI = 27.5 +/- 2.9 (s.d.)) before, during (after 25 and 50 days of training), and after the completion of a 100 day exercise training program that induced daily 4.2 MJ calorie deficit. Along with reductions in body weight (from 86.7 +/- 20.0 to 78.7 +/- 17.1 kg, P < 0.01) and in fat mass (from 17.0 +/- 9.7 to 10.4 +/- 7.4 kg, P < 0.01), the exercise training program induced numerous changes in plasma lipoprotein levels. Plasma total cholesterol level fell significantly after 25 days of training (P < 0.05) and remained significantly reduced at the end of the training experiment (P < 0.05). This reduction in total plasma cholesterol was accompanied by reductions in plasma apoprotein (apo) B, LDL-cholesterol and LDL-apo B levels (P < 0.05). There were trends for reductions in plasma triglyceride and VLDL components that were significant only for VLDL-triglycerides (P < 0.05). Plasma HDL-cholesterol levels increased significantly only at the end of the training program (P < 0.01). This increase in plasma HDL-cholesterol was not accompanied by an increase in plasma apo A-I levels suggesting that exercise training produced an increase in HDL cholesterol content rather than an increase in HDL particle number. Ratios of HDL-cholesterol/cholesterol (P < 0.01) and apo A-I/apo B (P < 0.05) were significantly increased by exercise training, suggesting a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. These results indicate that a reduction in fat mass solely, induced by aerobic exercise training has substantial beneficial effects on plasma lipoprotein levels.
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