Composition of essential oil of sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) leaves at different growing phases

Venskutonis, P.R.; Dagilyte, A.

Composition of essential oil of sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) leaves at different growing phases

2003

Venskutonis, P.R. | Dagilyte, A.

The essential oil composition of Acorus calamus (sweet flag) leaves collected in Lithuania at different growing phases was examined by GC and GC/MS. Rhizome oils of A. calamus, having been more thoroughly investigated, were used for comparison purposes. The content of the oil in dried sweet flag rhizomes was 1.20 +/- 0.12% and in the leaves, depending on the vegetation phase, was from 0.56-1.01%. Ninety-one constituents were positively or tentatively identified in the oils--66 in the leaves and 55 in the rhizomes.Possible formation of calacorene hydrates is suggestedfor the first time on the basis of mass spectral data. beta-Asarone [(Z)-asarone] was the major constituent in the leaves (27.4-45.5%), whereas acorenone was dominant in the rhizomes (20.86%) followed by isocalamendiol (12.75%). A higher content of some aliphatic and oxygenated monoterpenes was found in oils of the leaves at their earliest growth phase (May), while the beta-asarone content was at its lowest level.

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