Cross-Linked Resistant Starch: Preparation and Properties
2002
Woo, K.S. | Seib, P.A.
Resistant starches (RS) were prepared by phosphorylation of wheat, waxy wheat, corn, waxy corn, high-amylose corn, oat, rice, tapioca, mung bean, banana, and potato starches in aqueous slurry (≈33% starch solids, w/w) with 1-19% (starch basis) of a 99:1 (w/w) mixture of sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) at pH 10.5-12.3 and 25-70°C for 0.5-24 hr with sodium sulfate or sodium chloride at 0-20% (starch basis). The RS4 products contain ≤100% dietary fiber when assayed with the total dietary fiber method of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). In vitro digestion of four RS4 wheat starches showed they contained 13–22% slowly digestible starch (SDS) and 36-66% RS. However after gelatinization, RS levels fell by 7-25% of ungelatinized levels, while SDS levels remained nearly the same. The cross-linked RS4 starches were distinguished from native starches by elevated phosphorus levels, low swelling powers (≈3g/g) at 95°C, insolubilities (<1%) in 1M potassium hydroxide or 95% dimethyl sulfoxide, and increased temperatures and decreased enthalpies of gelatinization measured by differential scanning calorimetry.
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